As urban sprawl continues, loss of habitat is a serious problem for many wildlife species. Many are endangered simply because they have nowhere to go. Whether you have an apartment balcony or a five-acre lot, you can create a garden that attracts some type of wildlife and helps restore some of this lost habitat. Plus, wildlife gardening can be a rewarding learning experience for you and your family. Here are a few guidelines on wildlife-friendly gardening:

Provide food: Choose native plants, flowers, shrubs, and trees to provide foliage, nectar, pollen, berries, seeds, and nuts that many species of wildlife need to survive. For example, if you want to attract a certain bird or butterfly, do a little homework to identify specific plants that will attract that species. You can also add supplemental feeders, such as bird feeders, nut feeders, and hummingbird feeders.

Supply water: Wildlife species need clean water sources for many purposes: drinking, bathing, and reproduction. Your water source can be as elaborate or as simple as you want. If you have space and want to give it a try, add a pond or a rain garden—besides those just stopping by for a drink, you’ll soon attract frogs, dragonflies, and other water-loving wildlife. If you’re short on space, a small fountain or even a simple bird bath will suffice. Keep your water source clean and filled with fresh
water. You’ll be amazed at who stops by!

Create shelter for wildlife: Wildlife species require places to hide in order to feel safe from people, predators, and inclement weather. They also need sheltered places to raise their young. Dense native plants, particularly those that are evergreen, like hollies and junipers, can provide shelter all year long. Butterflies and moths need certain plants on which to lay their eggs. A birdhouse is an easy addition to almost any space.

Don’t worry about space (or lack of it): If you have only a balcony, plant flower boxes or containers with flowering plants for butterflies and bees. Attach a bird feeder to a window. Start small. You can always get more adventurous later after you see the success of your efforts.

Be patient: If you don’t see a lot of wildlife at first, don’t worry—give them a chance to find your garden. It won’t be long until the word gets out! Then you and your family can enjoy the show and know that you’re making a difference.